Management Styles through Different Leaders The WritePass Journal

Management Styles through Different Leaders Management Styles through Different Leaders John | July 16, 2017 Management Styles through Different LeadersManagement Styles through Different LeadersTo modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayBill GatesTo modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayCarlos SlimManagement Styles through Different Leaders Carlo Slim and Bill GatesConclusion To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayReferencesTo modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayRelated Management Styles through Different Leaders Essay A growing body of evidence in the business environment supports that leaders are made and not born. However, a good leader must have patience, commitment, knowledge, and experience to manage the subordinates. In other words, a good leadership style is developed through training, education, self-commitment, and accumulation of experience. (Zaleznik, 2004). More importantly, leadership is one of the most researched concepts in business studies because of the contributions of a leader to the organizational achievement. This study also compares the management styles through different leaders by reviewing leadership styles of Carlo Slim and Bill Gates. A good leader transforms an organization and shapes the economy. Carlo Slim and Bill Gate are the examples of the leaders who use their different management styles to transform the economy and their respective organizations. The objective of this document is to provide an analysis of management styles through leaders. This study also compares the leadership styles of Carlo Slim and Bill Gates. Management Styles through Different Leaders KÄ ±yak, et al. (2011) define the conceptual leadership as a selective, role-taking, empathetic and selective process that assist in handling the strategic initiative of an organization. Clarks, (2009) points out that leadership is the major factor that determines the success or failure of an organization. However, leadership and management overlap because an individual must have both leadership and management skills to be effective in an organization. Management involves an ability to achieve a specific task. However, leadership is a broader concept that involves a process by which leaders nurture and communicate ideas to the subordinates. To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today A strategic leadership plays an expanding role in enhancing competitive advantages. In a healthcare organization, leaders are called upon to use their problem-solving skills and knowledge to develop creative solutions to problems. Creative leadership involves the ability to invent or develop new solutions to challenging problems. One of the exemplified leaders in the healthcare organization was Robert, a nurse leader, who used democratic leadership style to assist her staff growing independently. (Clark,. 2009). Henry Fayol argues that both leaders and managers delegate powers to their subordinates to assist an organization to balance responsibility and authority to achieve a specific task. However, management process involves planning, staffing, organizing, controlling and directing. In this Essay we will compare the management styles through different leaders. Bill Gates Bill Gates is one of the exemplified leaders who integrate management process into his leadership ability to achieve competitive advantages for the Microsoft Corporation.He is a business giant, and highly regarded in the IT and business world, often ranked in the Fortune 500 as one of the top 10 most admired business leaders. Bill used autocratic leadership styles to direct his subordinates before his retirement from Microsoft in 2008. Gates’ success was attributed to his controlling ability and quick decision-making process. (Demuth, Hammond, 2013). Sometimes, Gates exhibited more than one leadership styles depending on circumstances. While Gates used the autocratic style as the dominant leadership style in managing the business, however, Gates would not have been successful if adopted only an authoritarian style because the authoritarian style is not appropriate for innovation and can hinder the creative ability of followers. Zentner, (2016) believed that Bill was a servant leader who focused on helping others to achieve their goals. â€Å"Servant leadership focuses on the betterment and support of others by seeking to meet the interests, needs, and ambitions of others’ above one’s own.† (Zentner, 2016 p 1). When a servant leadership style is implemented appropriately, it can enhance employee behaviors and outlook, which drives motivation for higher performances and changes. To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today Carlos Slim Carlos Slim is another leader in Mexico who integrates the transformationalleadership styles in his management style to transform himself into a business giant. Mr. Slim is a native originally from Mexico. At a tender age, he received a business lesson, which helped him to understand the method to increase his personal fund. At the age of 12, he started investing in shares and after completing an engineering course at the University of Mexico at the age of 25, Slim incorporated his first company named Inmobiliaria Carso in 1966. He inculcated the spirit of transformational leadership by diversifying his business ventures using the visionary skills to actively invest in various businesses when Mexico was facing the economic problems. Management Styles through Different Leaders Carlo Slim and Bill Gates Carlo Slim leadership style is influenced by his personal beliefs and principles, which he has inculcated in transforming his business empire. Unlikefounder of Microsoftwho used the autocratic leadership style in managing the Microsoft Corporation, Slim incorporated the transformational leadership styles when making a business decision. Yavirach, (2015) argues transformational leaders use the intellectual capability to stimulate their subordinates to achieve better performances. Slim uses the transformational leaders to transform Telmex into the biggest telecommunication company in the Latin America. Although, both Slims and Gates are entrepreneurs, and multi-billionaires in the North America, however, their leadership principles are different. While Gates uses the combination of autocratic, and servant leadership styles in running his business empire, Slim focuses on the transformational leadership style using the intellectual capabilities and charismatic qualities to solve the business problems. While both leaders use different styles in managing their business, both have been successful in their line of businesses. Conclusion Many leaders in the North American have been able to combine both the management and leadership styles to transform their organizations into business empires. This study proves that management styles through different leadersdo overlap, however, a combination of both leadership and management skills is critical to achieving competitive market advantages. The study also compares Gates and Slim management styles through different leaders, and the results of the analysis reveal Gates uses the combination of servant and autocratic leadership styles to manage his businesses, however, Slim relies on transformational leadership style to solve business problems. To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today References Clark, C. C. (2009). Creative nursing leadership management. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. Demuth, P., Hammond, T. (2013). Who is Bill Gates? New York: Grosset Dunlap, An Imprint of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. KÄ ±yak, M., Bozaykut, T., Gà ¼ngà ¶r, P., Aktas, E. (2011). Strategic Leadership Styles and Organizational Financial Performance: A Qualitative Study on Private Hospitals. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 1521-1529. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.090 Yavirach, N. (2015). The Impact of Transformational and Transactional Leadership to Subordinates Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment Affect to Team Effectiveness. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2159035 Zaleznik, A. (2004). Managers and Leaders: Are They Different? Harvard Business Review. Zentner, A. (2016). Bill Gates: A Servant Leader. Research Gate Journal To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today

Cross-Cultural Health Perspectives Essay Example

Cross Cross-Cultural Health Perspectives Paper Cross-Cultural Health Perspectives Paper The health of an individual, the family and the larger community is not determined by individual characteristics only; the social and cultural context plays a significant role in determining it (Airhihenbuwa, 1995). The influence of culture in health matters is especially pronounced in African societies where individual behavior is greatly influenced by the values held for the extended family and the community at large (Airhihenbuwa, 2004). As part of meeting emerging standards of care, the context of cultural and social attributes should be put into consideration so that the most appropriate nature of interventions and their timeliness can be determined. This research paper will review this approach in a case study of HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Discussion Culture has been shown to be a major factor in the ways that the HIV/AIDS pandemic has impacted on the society in South Africa. This is due to the beliefs and values that relate to sexuality including the time to become sexually active, the number of sexual partners to have and whether or not to use condoms as protection (Airhihenbuwa, 2004). Issues have also been raised about the sharing of needles and syringes outside the clinical context like in drug abuse and other traditional rituals. The HIV and AIDS pandemic has either wore down or in the least compromised belief and practice of many efficient traditional responses to illness in South African communities (Buthelezi Francis, 2006). Stigmatization of AIDS patients has been of particular worry and has eroded the value which the individuals, family and the community in general had the responsibility of taking care of the ailing. Intervention designed to fight the HIV pandemic should focus mainly on the methods of prevention (Buthelezi Francis, 2006). This means that the government, religious groups and other stakeholders should embark on serious awareness campaigns to inform the people on the importance of responsible sexual behavior. The community also needs to be taught to accept HUV patients and avoid stigmatizing them (Airhihenbuwa Webster, 2004) as it only makes the situation worse. Of course, all awareness created should be in the context of culture and should consider and respect any cultural beliefs and values that relate to sickness and individual conduct within the society. References Airhihenbuwa, C.O. (1995). Health and culture: Beyond the Western Paradigm. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc. Airhihenbuwa, C.O., Webster, J.D. (2004). Culture and African contexts of HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support. Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance, 1(1), 4-13. Retrieved June 5, 2010, from http://ajol.info/index.php/saharaj/article/viewFile/30064/22717 Buthelezi, T. Francis, D. (2006). â€Å"Living with HIV/AIDS. In Muthukrishna.† A. (Ed.) Mapping barriers to basic education in the context of HIV and AIDS: a report on research conducted in the Richmond District, KwaZulu-Natal. Pietermarizburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal. Petros, G., Airhihenbuwa, C., Simbayi, L., Ramlagan, S. Brown, B. (2006). â€Å"HIV/AIDS and ‘‘othering’’ in South Africa: the blame goes on.† Culture, Health and Sexuality, 8(1): pp.67–77.

Advanced strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Advanced strategic management - Essay Example This essay is a critical evaluation of an organization facing a problem associated with a strategic issue. It focuses on Woolworths Group Plc. which is a renowned organization dealing with entertainment and media in the United Kingdom. The risks associated with focusing and directing most of the resources on improvement of operational effectiveness. Potential avenues for addressing this problem have been discussed focusing on the various techniques and models available, including the regression and the time series models. The organization expanded rapidly since its establishment in 1909, leading to expansion in foreign markets for its entertainment products. It began going global in its operations, initially establishing in Liverpool and later expanding in the whole of the UK. By 2001, the company entered the London stock exchange after it broke off from its merger with Kingfisher Plc. The organization had been doing well in its recovery strategies, mainly focused on doing away with the huge amounts of stock that was in excess as well as offsetting the debts acquired while it was in a merger with Kingfisher. The management had to be strengthened. The organizational performance rose considerably since 2001 (Johnson et al 2004 p 66). The organization was focused on improving its operational effectiveness through approaches aimed on reinforcement of infrastructure, whereby there were improvements in managing stocks, and the supply chain. Other aspects of operational effectiveness included reduction of suppliers and improvements in branding. More offices were bought in order to bring better services to customers in foreign markets such as Hong Kong (Johnson et al 2004 p 67). The organization also focused on product improvement, a factor that improved its competitive advantage in the short run. It established two operation lines, whereby according to Johnson et al, it had a woolies arm for retail while on the other

The Disease Process of Cardiomyopathy Term Paper

The Disease Process of Cardiomyopathy - Term Paper Example It is included in the list of diseases that has the highest morbidity rate in the world’s aging population. The degree and the time course of the disease vary and do not coincide with the linear expression of symptoms. People suffering from such disease normally have asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction or both. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the state of the disease that is expressed when the balance between malfunction and compensation is disordered such that cardiac output can no longer be maintained at normal left ventricular filling pressures. (Giles & Sander, 1988, p 16) Types of Cardiomyopathy There are three types of cardiomyopathy; dilated, hypertrophic and unclassified cardiomyopathy. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common among the three types. In this type, the heart’s main pumping chamber – the left ventricle, coming from the term ‘dilated’, grows bigger than its normal size. Th e ability to pump blood throughout the body becomes less forceful, making the blood flow uneasily. (Giles & Sander, 1988, p 24) Although as mentioned above, Cardiomyopathy 3 cardiomyopathy can occur to people of any ages; this is most commonly seen in middle-aged people and is more often to occur in men. Some people who have this type of cardiomyopathy acquire the disease hereditary. The second type of cardiomyopathy is hypertrophic. This type of the disease entails the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, affecting the main pumping chamber of the heart – the left ventricle. As the thickening occurs, it affects the blood circulation in the body due to the stiffening and the shrinking of the heart’s pumping chamber, which affects the ability of the heart to deliver blood to the entire body. Just like any other types of this disease, this may develop in any ages but it becomes more visible during childhood. (Giles & Sander, 1988, p 33) Normally, people who acquire th is disease have a family history and more often than not, linked to some genetic mutations. Affected patients of this type of cardiomyopathy may be asymptomatic or may have signs of hindlimb paralysis or acute dyspnea. Examinations demonstrate abnormal heart sounds; from soft to prominent systolic cardiac murmurs and gallop heart sounds. The last type of cardiomyopathy is unclassified or better known as restrictive cardiomyopathy. The heart muscles of people who develop this type of disease become rigid and less elastic, which tends the heart to not expand properly to be able to contain blood between heartbeats. This is common in older people although it can develop in any ages just like the other types. This type is the least common among the three and can occur without known reason – idiopathic. (Giles & Sander, 1988, p 41) This can also be caused by other diseases that affect the heart. This type includes patients with visible abnormalities in the myocardium on echocardiog raphy that do not fit into the other two types. This type of disease is also seen in cats. As mentioned above, Cardiomyopathy 4 restrictive cardiomyopathy have unknown causes. Nursing Intervention The disease is defined as ventricular dilation, systolic contractible dysfunction, low cardiac output and other congestive heart failure symptoms (crackles, edema, etc.) The decrease in the blood supply comes hand in hand with the decrease of amount of oxygen supply in the body. This can lead to kidney

My Experience and Understanding of Adventure-Based Counselling Essay Example for Free

My Experience and Understanding of Adventure-Based Counselling Essay According to Neill (2004), ‘Adventure therapy is the use of adventure-based activities and/or adventure-based theory to provide people with emotional and/or behavioral problems with experiences which lead to positive change in their lives.’ Adventure therapy is also â€Å"programming aimed at changing [specified] dysfunctional behavior patterns, using adventure experiences as forms of habilitation and rehabilitation† (Priest Grass, 2005). The underlying philosophy of adventure-based counseling (ABC) is experiential education and it stresses on one’s personal improvement through full value contract, adventure wave and challenge by choice (Schoel, Prouty Radcliffe, 1988). After several lectures, different skills were explained and even applied on ourselves. In this essay, these theories and experience will be discussed. Adventure-based counseling is part of the means of experiential learning. Educational psychologists usually define learning as â€Å"a change in the individual caused by experience† (Slavin, 1986, p.104). Through various experiences, people can learn from them and gain personal growth. Kolb (1984) suggested an experiential learning cycle, pointing out four essential elements of experiential learning, which are experience, review, conclusion and planning. Applying to Adventure-based counseling, experience means some challenging activities for groups or individuals. Review means encouraging individuals to reflect, describe, communicate and learn from the experience. Conclusion means concluding past and present experiences and planning means applying new learning in the future. There are several learning theories explaining how experiences can lead to learning, which means behavioral changes or cognitive developments. Operant conditioning proposed by Skinner states that successes, praise, positive feedbacks or rewards can act as positive reinforcers so that the subjects would be reinforced to act the same way again. Similarly, failures, punishments or negative comments would act as negative reinforcers which deter the subjects to act again (Skinner, 1968). In adventure-based counseling, participants would face some challenges and act. Some actions would lead to positive results, which would further reinforce participants to act in the same way when they face similar situations again. Some actions lead to negative results, which make them aware and change their behaviors next time. This can be applied also to changing of personalities and problem-solving skills. Undesirable personalities will be discouraged by failures or negative feedbacks while desirable personalities will be reinforced. Bandura suggested social learning theory that people can learn through observational learning and modeling (Bandura, 1986). Through observational learning, people would imitate others’ behaviors and learn from others’ successes or failures. In adventure-based counseling, when participants face the challenges individually, they would imitate what other participants do, or take others’ successes and failures in dealing with the challenges as example. So when they face the challenges, participants would improve along the sequence. When encountering group challenges, participants would imitate the socially desirable behaviors of their group mates or remind themselves not to behave socially undesirably after observing their group mates’ failures. This can enhance participants’ social skills. In cognitive aspect, James Coleman (1977) differentiates between the information assimilation process of the regular classroom and the experiential learning process. In traditional classrooms, knowledge is taught to students through direct instruction and they simply memorize the knowledge. Through information assimilation, the learners are expected to move from cognitive and symbol-processing sphere to the sphere of action through applying the general principles learned into novel situations. Experiential learning is in a reversed order, which involves actions sufficiently repeated that the learner is able to generalize from the experience. However, it is more etched into the brain as the learning can be associated with concrete actions and events, not just abstract symbols or general principles (Mllre, Priest, 1990). There are some important principles of adventure-based counseling, namely â€Å"Full Value Contract† and â€Å"Challenge by Choice† (Schoel, Prouty Radcliffe, 1988). â€Å"Full Value Contract† means an agreement among group members to value one’s own ideas and needs without ignoring or discounting others. â€Å"Challenge by Choice† means ‘individuals can choose their level of participation in any activity.’ (Neill, 2007) During our lectures, our lecturer Lau Sir has explained different theories by involving us to play games. After playing games, Lau Sir would explain how the games worked, the meaning of different procedures, and what can we learn throughout them. In the first lecture, a game ‘throwing the chicken’ was played. It is an ice-breaking game, aim at knowing the names of group members. Although it is a very easy game, it has lots of micro-skills included. At the beginning, Lau Sir has asked did anyone feel afraid of the chicken, which could show his caring to the participants, in order to build up the relationship between the leader and the participants. After one round of the game, Lau Sir required the participants to repeat the process, but with a faster speed, the participants would then move their chairs towards the center. This is using indirect intervention method, helping them to get closer and involve more into it, without directly telling them to sit closer or involve more. The other micro-skill ‘Challenge by Choice’ was also frequently used during lectures. For example, the ‘throwing the chicken’ game in the first lecture, the ‘trust ladder’ in the second lecture and different games during the overnight camp. All of these may only be just simply asking the participants that whether they want to play, but it was vital as it shows the respect to the participants. These skills were the easiest thing being omitted, but without it, the counseling work may be affected or even have some adverse effects. Although half of the lectures have passed, there is one more High-event Challenge Day and several lectures. I am looking forward to learn more different skills in counseling and leading games. Reference List Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social-cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Coleman, J. A. (1977). Differences between experiential and classroom learning. In M. T. Keeton (Ed.), Experiential learning: Rationale characteristics, and assessment, pp. 49-61. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Mllre, J. C. Priest, S. (1990). Adventure education. State College, DA: Adventure Publishing. Neill, J. (2004). Adventure therapy definitions. Retrieved from http://www.wilderdom.com/adventuretherapy/adventuretherapydefinitions.html Neill, J. (2007). Adventure-based counseling (ABC). Retrieved from http://wilderdom.com/ABC/ Priest, S., Gass, M. (2005). Effective leadership in adventure programming (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Schoel, J., Prouty Radeliffe,P. (1988). Islands of healing. A guide to adventure based counseling. U.S.A: Project Adventure. Skinner, B. F. (1968). The technology of teaching. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Slavin, R. E. (1986). Educational psychology: theory into practice. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Every Woman Is A Novel :a Jest Of God :: essays research papers

Rachel often addresses her thoughts to God. How does she imagine Him (Her or It)? Does Rachel's concept of God change during the course of the Novel? Explain. Rachel Cameron, the heroine of "A Jest of God", is not simply as an individual literary character but as a psychological portrayal of women of Rachel's time and inclination. Even we can easily find someone who has the same problem Rachel has in the friends of us, or maybe in an early morning when we get up; stand at front of the mirror; we will suddenly have a idea, "I am Rachel too." She has a common Cameron heritage. She is a gawky, introverted spinster schoolteacher who has returned home to Manawaka from university in Winnipeg, upon the death of her alcoholic undertaker father Niall Cameron, to care for her hypochondriac mother May. Nevertheless, the family resemblance is obvious: their shared Scots Presbyterian ancestry, which Laurence views as distinctively Canadian, provides an armour of pride that imprisons her within their internal worlds, while providing a defence against the external world. To overcome that barrier between personalities, she must learn to understand and accept their heritage in order to liberate her own identities and free herself for the future. She must also learn to love herself before she can love others. Rachel receive a sentimental education through a brief love affair: as a result of learning to empathize with their lovers, she learn to love herself and the people she lives with. Laurence's emphasis is, as always, on the importance of love in the sense of compassion, as each of her solipsistic protagonists develops from claustrophobia to community. The beginning of "A Jest of God" extends beyond its Canadian perimeters in Rachel's branching imagination, both into the fairytale dream world which gives depth and pathos to the disappointment and despair of her present and out into a wider world in time and space than the grey little town of Manawaka. The first lines of the novel tell us everything basic to Rachel's mind, her temperament, and her situation. The wind blows low, the wind blows high The snow comes falling from the sky, Rachel Cameron says she'll die For the want of the golden city. She is handsome, she is pretty, She is the queen of the golden city. They are not actually chanting my name, of course, I only hear it that way from where I am watching the classroom window, because I remember myself skipping rope to that song when I was about the age of the little girls out there now. Twenty-seven years ago... (p. 1) The reader is engaged in sympathy with Rachel by the sadness of the gap

Swot Analysis Dps

Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc. Section 1: Identify the Firm’s Core Strategy * The core strategy for the Dr Pepper Snapple Group (DPS) to produce both carbonated soft drinks and noncarbonated beverages that are tasty and appealing to their range of customers, while making a profit and continually growing. They are able to do this by using some key elements in their business strategy. They focus on building and enhancing their existing leading brands, such as Dr Pepper and their Snapple drinks.They also must focus on opportunities in high growth and high margin categories. They strive to increase their presence in high margin channels and packages. DPS also leverages their integrated business model. They must strengthen their route-to-market through acquisitions. Finally, they are also focusing on improving their operation efficiency. Section 2: External Analysis (Opportunities & Threats) * An opportunity DPS has is that they are able to keep strong relationships with their direct customers, which are the distributors and the retailers.With the opportunities to sell their syrups directly to fast food restaurants they are going to be generating a steady profit for many years to come and as food is still a thriving business. * Another opportunity would be that they could hopefully start bottling more of their products in house so that they aren’t giving business to their two main competitors. They could grow the bottling business and start utilizing their own facilities. A threat for DPS is that when the cost of sugar rises they are negatively affected because they then have to raise their prices and when they do less people are able to buy their products due to the economic state throughout the country. People who are unemployed or making less money due to the cut economic downturn will first cut spending on items that are not needed and they will turn to less expensive drinks. * Another threat is that health and wellness are trending right now and wit h people reducing their caloric intake they are no longer using DPS products that are packed with sugar.Section 3: Internal Analysis (Strengths and Weaknesses) * A strength that DPS has is that they have a very strong management team that sets out goals for their employees and goals for the company. They are not only known for their products but are also recognized for their philanthropy and ethics. * Another strength is that DPS is able to revamp existing brands to gain market shares along with losing brands and replacing them with successful replacements that are in new avenues such as flavored waters and energy drinks, which help gain market share also. A weakness is that the majority of their bottling is done by their two competitors, PepsiCo and Coca-Cola, which does not help DPS when competing to be at the top of the industry. They are practically giving away business that they should start doing themselves. * Another weakness DPS has is their finances. Their profits are not c onsistently growing; they took a big hit in 2008 and are still trying to recover. Slowly but surely they are increasing, however it needs to be happening much faster in order for them to stay a contender in the industry.Section 4: Strategic Recommendations * I think that DPS should stick to what they know and that is the beverage industry. I don’t think jumping into the snack business would help them grow any faster. * I think they should start expanding their bottling unit of the business and stop relying on their competitors for bottling contracts. * They need to keep promoting their big sellers such as, Dr Pepper, Sunkist, A&W, and Snapple, along with producing some lower-calorie beverages for the more health conscious customers out there.

Walgreens structure

Walgreen has faced over the past two years are changing their brand and the process needed to make that change. We can see that Walgreen has made some good decisions over the years . This is evident by the fact that there are still many Walgreen stores across the country and they are continuing to build new ones every year. If we take a look into how they made such crucial decisions we will find them using good decision making techniques such as predetermination's evidence, and good old fashioned Intuition.The first element we can find within Walgreen decision making process Is rainstorm. We can see that before changing the brand from old to new the mangers In the higher ranks of the corporation all got together and started throwing out Ideas. They did some research and based upon fact they made educated guesses on what may work and what probably would not work. The managers of Walgreen TLD a fantastic Job with their research and brainstorming. Walgreen wanted to stand out among thei r competition so In order to do that they had to know what the competitor was doing.It seemed the competitor was not much different from Walgreen. This is where we see the brainstorming really become effective. The managers began to come up with ideas on how to make the stores an experience instead of just a cash and carry drugstore. They really used the tools of good decision making to begin the process of changing the brand for good. Second we can look at the gathering of evidence. Walgreen knew if they were to be different then they had to study their competition. The head honchos did their homework well.They gathered information from research and surveys and listened to the customer needs. They not only listened they decided to take a chance and build their new brand on the customer experience. Now we have seen a company go from a rational model of decision making and step into the new age. They admitted that old manager models were out dated and they were ready to step into a f resh new approach. It is interesting that we see them heading into a very modern direction but using old fashioned decision making techniques to arrive there.Walgreen management team took their job seriously by making sure they followed through with pouring over statistics and studying successful companies with different brands than their own to see what was giving them the success. They decided that it Just had to be the customer service levels and the approach. Surprisingly enough we can also see the big bosses at Walgreen using their Intuition to make the final decision on whether to change the brand or not. They are customers at other places and they take their family and friends out to eat and do different things.When out and about they kept track of what businesses were full and why. If they went out to eat and there was a two hour wait they would pay close attention to why. This process gave them the Intuition, or experience to know what or how a person wants to be treated wh en they are spending their money with a company. They brought their Intuition to the drawing room and along with good brainstorming and gathering of evidence, the management staff of Walgreen was able to make a good business decision.We sometimes see ethics compromised when decisions are made and Walgreen is not a when they admittedly failed to control the sales of controlled substances in a few of its pharmacies. The effects of this could have ruined the company but lucky for them they were able to pay a hefty fine and shut the door on what could have been an ethical disaster for them. It seems the Federal government agreed to dismiss the ease when the fines were paid.

Mminorities and Mental Ilnness essays

Mminorities and Mental Ilnness essays The cultures of racial and ethnic minorities influence many aspects of mental illness in the United States, including how patients from a given culture communicate and manifest their symptoms, their style of coping, their family and community support, and their willingness to seek treatment. Cultural and social influences are not the only determinants of mental illness and patterns of service use, but they do play important roles. The condition of mental illness is affecting minorities in greater numbers than whites in the United States. Accessibility to care for minorities with mental illness is very difficult. Minorities are more skeptical to seek the proper care for this disease. Shame, stigmatism, discrimination, and mistrust also keep minorities from seeking treatment when it is needed, along with not having medical insurance. Racism and discrimination is another factor along with the mistrust of the health care system and the bias attitude of the physicians. The U.S g overnment and private health care providers are currently trying to create a more systematic approach for States and local communities to extend health and mental health care to their uninsured residents. In the United States cultural and social factors contribute to the causation of mental illness, yet that contribution varies by disorder. Mental illness is considered the product of a complex interaction among biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors. The role of any of these major factors can be stronger or weaker depending on the specific disorder. Ethnic and racial minorities in the United States face a social and economic environment of inequality that includes greater exposure to racism, discrimination, violence, and poverty. Living in poverty has the most measurable effect on mental illness. Majority of minorities within the lower income bracket, with less education, and basically blue collar occupations are about t...

The Three Branches of American Government

The Three Branches of American Government In theory, the three branches of government serve to maintain the system of checks and balance, to prevent one branch from having more power, or too much power, than the others. This is to uphold Democracy and to prevent dictatorships and authoritarian government practices, to keep the country free, Capitalistic and Democratically fair to the people. The three branches making up the United States government are the Executive, Legislative and Judicial branches, as seen in the President, the Supreme Court, and Congress. To understand why things are done this way, it’s important to know a little about each branch, what it does and why it is important. This further assures the American citizen that they live in a country run, in theory, by the whole population who select people to represent them, their needs and their challenges. The President of the United States of America is not the only one running the show. For their time, for at least four years, they are essentially heading the Executive branch of the United States government. Though they are the commander-in-chief of the American military, the President does not have unlimited power to rule the country. The President is intentionally limited in power so as to prevent a regime, where a leader has complete control over every single government entity. The Vice President supports the president in various affairs as part of the Executive branch and becomes a liaison with the Senate. Cabinet members are also part of the Executive branch and assist the President in decision-making and other responsibilities. The President can veto some bills not passed by Congress, which means the President does have certain powers not shared by members of the other branches. The Supreme Court and its Justices make up the Judicial branch. They determine if certain laws work in correlation with the United States Constitution. The President nominates each Justice, and their positions have to first be approved by a majority of those in the Senate. The Judicial branch makes sure the country’s entire law-making system is done correctly, fairly and in the name of true and fair justice and Democracy. This branch sees that the country is run legally with respect to providing citizens their Constitutional rights. The Judicial branch has the power to decide if certain laws should be incorporated into the life of everyday Americans. Most recently, the Supreme Court Justices determined that Federal bans on same-sex marriages were unconstitutional. Once that bill passed and became a Federal law, individual states were able to vote to determine if they would allow same-sex marriages. And the Legislative branch, essentially the United States Congress, in many ways collectively chooses the country’s laws and what becomes part of the Constitution, which is always being amended to reflect today’s society, its people, and its needs, challenges, and limitations. The Senate and the House of Representatives make up the Legislative branch of the American government. The Senate has 100 members, exactly two from each of the 50 states; and the House of Representative has 435 members, representing the various districts of the American population (the most populous places get more representatives). Together, they determine if certain bills should be laws to protect the rights of the people. In conclusion, the three branches of the American government works – and this system has worked for more than 200 years. The system of checks and balances is by no means perfect, as seen in how President vetoes some bills that Congress is unwilling to pass. This, of course, creates mistrust among the various branches, in turn preventing effective cooperation between the departments of the government. Nonetheless, as time goes on, this system will evolve and will one day become the common way governments all around the world will run. It equates to happy citizens who make up a happy, successful and self-preserving society.

Canadian Economics Policies and employment Research Paper

Canadian Economics Policies and employment - Research Paper Example The control of money supply eventually leads to the changes in interest rates prevailing in the economy. These changes are generally introduced so as to influence other macroeconomic variables / factors, which include employment trends in the country, balance of payments, aggregate demand and supply and production, inflation rates, etc. It cannot be stated that there is a uniform or universally acceptable structure or model for devising the monetary policy of an economy, and depending on the particular characteristics and issues faced by an economy and the dynamics of national and international financial markets, every country designs its monetary policy in its own way (Bernanke & Mishkin, 1997). The objective of intervention in the economy by a country’s government through monetary policy has been largely to influence varying macroeconomic indicators, as mentioned in the previous paragraph; however, the techniques and methods of doing so have revolutionized on a continuous ba sis, which are built upon the conventional mechanisms of controlling inflation, unemployment rates and other variables (McEachern, 2011). The most important change noted in the techniques used to control macroeconomic variables through monetary policy is the shift from direct controlling of money supply through direct intervention of Central Banks to indirect controlling and depending upon market mechanisms and forces to act in a favorable manner (Hirschey, 2009; Nadal, 2001). Keeping in view this background, the present study aims at determining the relationship between monetary policy and inflation trends, with particular reference to the Canadian economy. In this regard, following research question has been formulated, which will be answered on the basis of analysis conducted by researcher in this report. Research Question The research question, which is to be answered in this study on the basis of analysis and findings, is: What is the nature of relationship between monetary pol icy and inflation, with specific regard to the Canadian economy? Keeping in view this research question, this study can be considered as an important contribution to the existing literature pertaining to the relationship between monetary policy and inflation in Canadian economy. Moreover, the fact that this study includes application of various macroeconomic factors and policies, it can therefore be regarded as an important research work for individuals interested in exploring the macroeconomic environment of Canada and how different factors correlate in a practical environment. Research Method Adopted There are two broad approaches of carrying out a research work, which include qualitative and quantitative research approaches. A qualitative research approach requires the researcher to assess information on the basis of its qualitative attributes and aspects. The qualitative research approach may not necessarily produce quantitative results, as it does not make use of quantitative a nalysis of the information. On the other hand, following a quantitative rese

The concept of a Property Right Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The concept of a Property Right - Essay Example Under this system, it is expected that market forces will drive down the release of pollutants into the environment, insofar as the cost of releasing pollutants costs more than cleaning up and disposing the pollutant [LIVERMAN 2008]. In the short-term, carbon trading is meant as an incentive. That is, firms are punished by being forced to buy more permits to pollute if they need to; firms are rewarded when they can sell these permits because they have reduced emissions. In the long-term, it is hoped that carbon trading will reduce emissions enough to make a significant contribution to reducing climate change. However, carbon trading schemes largely appeal to those people whose ideologies bias them toward the market-based solution in every case. In fact, there is no economic evidence that price effects through caps and limits is more effective or more desirable than direct regulation or command and control [PARKER 2007]. There is a theoretical problem and a practical problem with trading schemes. The theoretical problem is that trading schemes must rely on the market to form a price mechanism to limit the supply of pollutants—the same market that failed in the first place to provide the socially acceptable outcome. This dissonance poses a difficulty with respect to whom society must trust with achieving reductions in climate change. The practical problem is how carbon derivatives would be traded. Hybrid securities and exotic derivatives were at the root of the most recent recession. It might be difficult to trust these same institutions. b) A property right is the exclusive authority to determine how a resource is used, whether that resource is owned by government or by individuals [ALCHIAN 2008]. The problem of externalities extends to the negative effects of action has on others, and the disconnect between the negative effects and the benefits the actor receives from performing that action. In